
Review of the most important aspects to consider for the diagnosis and management of vitamin B12 deficiency.

A summary of methemoglobinemia and review its definition, causes, clinical manifestations, and management of both acquired and congenital forms

In this post, we explore the less common hemoglobin variants—D, E, O, and H—highlighting their key characteristics and clinical significance. Additionally, we provide a brief overview of hydrops fetalis

A summary of the management of thalassemias with emphasis on the management of anemia with transfusion support, iron overload, medications such as luspatercept, and advanced treatments such as stem cell and gene therapy

An introduction to red blood cells, their anatomy, function, erythropoiesis, RBC lifespan, and classification of red blood cell disorders (anemias and polycythemias)

Learn about blood transfusion thresholds and considerations for blood product administration. A quick reference guide